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Asian-Pacific Journal of Second and Foreign Language Education

Table 14 Inferential statistics of grit post-test

From: Portfolio assessment among upper-intermediate learners: effects on learners’ willingness to communicate, grit tendencies, and motivation

F

Sig

t

df

Sig. (2-tailed)

Mean difference

SE difference

4.13

0.04

− 4.33

56

0.00

− 23.79

5.48

  

− 4.33

46.43

0.00

− 23.79

5.48

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