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Asian-Pacific Journal of Second and Foreign Language Education

Table 11 Descriptive statistics of grit pre-test

From: Portfolio assessment among upper-intermediate learners: effects on learners’ willingness to communicate, grit tendencies, and motivation

Groups

N

Mean

SD

SE mean

CG

29

62.62

13.37

2.48

EG

29

61.58

13.14

2.44

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