Asian-Pacific Journal of Second and Foreign Language Education

Table 3 Direct effect among the study variables

From: Measuring academic self-efficacy and learning outcomes: the mediating role of university English students' academic commitment

Hypotheses	Direct effect	β	SE	t-test values	p Values	Decision
H1	ASE → LOs	0.212	0.052	3.099	0.002	Supported
H2	ASE → AC	0.400	0.096	4.098	0.001	Supported
H3	AC → LOs	0.612	0.189	5.125	0.000	Supported

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