Table 7 Subtypes of pauses made by more- and less-skilled EFL writers
Pause subtype | More-skilled writers (N = 4) | Less-skilled writers (N = 4) |
|---|---|---|
Observe a content-related problem | ||
Missing content | 2 | 1 |
Repeated content | 0 | 1 |
Insufficient word-count | 0 | 3 |
Total | 2 | 5 |
Observe a language-related problem | ||
“Don’t know how to put it” | 2 | 6 |
Inappropriate expression | 0 | 4 |
Capitalization | 0 | 1 |
Spelling | 0 | 3 |
Incorrect wording | 0 | 2 |
Repetitive wording | 5 | 3 |
Grammatical error | 1 | 1 |
Total | 8 | 20 |
Evaluate a structure-related aspect of the written text | ||
Structural appropriateness | 1 | 1 |
Total | 1 | 1 |
Evaluate a content-related aspect of the written text | ||
Title appropriateness | 1 | 0 |
Content richness | 1 | 0 |
Total | 2 | 0 |
Evaluate a language-related aspect of the written text | ||
Expression conciseness | 0 | 2 |
Expression appropriateness | 1 | 4 |
Part of speech correctness | 2 | 2 |
Verb usage correctness | 0 | 4 |
Syntactic correctness | 1 | 0 |
Sentence structural complexity | 1 | 0 |
Sentence structural appropriateness | 2 | 2 |
Nominal countability | 2 | 1 |
Spelling correctness | 1 | 3 |
Wording appropriateness | 4 | 4 |
Wording correctness | 0 | 1 |
Total | 14 | 23 |
Diagnose a language-related problem | ||
Wordy expression | 0 | 1 |
Part of speech misuse | 0 | 1 |
Spelling mistake | 0 | 4 |
Total | 0 | 6 |