Profiling the pausing behaviour of EFL learners in real-time computer-aided writing: a multi-method case study

Table 4 Sentence-level pauses made by more- and less-skilled EFL writers

	More-skilled writers (N = 4)	Less-skilled writers (N = 4)
	Mean SD	Mean SD
Number of pauses before sentences	2.00 0.82	2.75 2.87
Mean pause duration before sentences	7.59 1.49	8.58 4.36
Number of pauses after sentences	2.00 1.63	4.00 1.41
Mean pause duration after sentences	5.23 4.75	5.40 1.42
Number of pauses between sentences	5.00 3.46	6.25 6.65
Mean pause duration between sentences	8.32 4.02	10.46 3.98

Note: According to the Inputlog manual, a “before sentences” pause is defined as “each pause before a sentence”; an “after sentences” pause is defined as “each pause after a sentence”; a “between sentences” pause is calculated as “a consecutive combination of a pause labelled ‘after sentences’ and ‘before sentences’” (Leijten & Van Waes, 2019, pp. 83–84). The mean pause duration data in the table are presented in units of seconds