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Table 5 Frequency Analysis Results of Learners’ Reflection Sheets of the Genre Analysis of Peers’ Essays

From: The SFL genre-based approach to writing in EFL contexts

 

Criteria

Higher-level

Lower-level

1 Generic structure

(1) To identify the purpose of the discussion essay

8

3

(2) To describe the structure of the target genre: 1) Issue, 2) Argument for, 3) Argument against, and 4) Conclusion

70

44

Total

78 (46%)

47 (32%)

2 Lexicogrammar

(3) To explain general personal nouns

2

0

(4) To write about the uses of abstract nouns

0

0

(5) To write about the uses of action verbs

0

0

(6) To write about the uses of “verbal verbs”

0

0

Total

2 (1%)

0 (0%)

(7) To write about modalities

35

23

(8) To write about modality + adverbs

12

23

(9) To write these fixed phrases to express the writer’s opinion/modality: It is possible that, I guess that, or It is certain that

3

0

Total

50 (29%)

46 (31%)

(10) To explain construct conjunctions and signposts

14

30

(11) To explain demonstrative pronouns such as that and this

0

0

(12) To use appropriate thematic ties and referential links to extend genre

0

0

Total

14 (8%)

30 (21%)

Other features

28 (16%)

23 (16%)

Sum

172

146

  1. Note. Numbers indicate frequency. The criteria are adapted from Burns et al. (1996) and Nagao (2018). The 12 criteria are the same as those given in Table 2