An exploration of strategies used by Chinese graduate students in electrical engineering and education: integrating questionnaire, task performance, and post-task recall data

Table 3 Communication Strategy Use by Category Showing Significant Differences between Advanced and High-intermediate Participants

Category	Proficiency	N	M	Mean rank	SD	Mdn	U score	Z score	P
Social-affective	Advanced	5	24.00	8.30	5.48	23	3.50	−2.109	.035*
Social-affective	High-intermediate	6	15.67	4.08	5.68	16
Negotiation of meaning	Advanced	5	37.40	8.30	11.46	31	3.50	−2.104	.035*
Negotiation of meaning	High-intermediate	6	20.00	4.08	11.17	18
Message reduction and alteration	Advanced	5	4.60	8.30	2.07	4	3.50	−2.129	.033*
Message reduction and alteration	High-intermediate	6	1.67	4.08	1.63	1.50