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Table 7 Examples of students’ pre-post of Writing Test

From: Effects of using the first principles of instruction in a content and language integrated learning class

 

Original text and translation

Score and comment

Pre-test

Original text:

ステレオタイプ、偏見や差別、以上三つ行為はすべて個別行動から全体化し、否定的な感情を持ちます。私たちは公正態度を持ちべきで、正しい判断をします。

Translation in English:

Stereotyping, prejudice, and discrimination are all three behaviors that can be generalized from individual actions and carry negative feelings. We should have an attitude of fairness and make the right decisions

Score: 3

Comment:

Just a brief explanation of the meanings of the three words

There is no clear paragraph

All of the text are simple sentences, and there is no connection between them. It is impossible to understand what the writer is trying to say

Post-test

Original text:

今回集中講義授業で、異文化について勉強しました。そ中で、三つことをこれから大切にしたいです。

まず、価値観ことです。こ前は異文化影響で各国価値観が異なるところがあるという点が知っています。昔中国諺には「酒逢知己千杯醉,话不投机半句多」という話があります。そ意味は知己ができたなら、切っても切れない話がたくさんあり、逆に話が合わないと半句さえも多いです。つまり、価値観ことが指します。そことわざによると、価値観や志向と合わない人と友達になる必要がないと思いましたが、今は考えを変いました。それは日本人思いやりおかげで、包容すべきだという点が了解しました。

次は偏見や差別です。偏見ということはステレオタイプに否定的な感情を伴ったもで、ただし、必ずしも否定的なもではないという主張もあります。差別は偏見がさらに行動に結びついたもです。すなわち、偏見は人々意識で、差別は偏見による行動するということです。ステレオタイプを通してではなく、自分自身目で固まり人たちや物事をちゃんと見ていく姿勢を養うように、正しい判断を下します。

最後はイメージです。国も人も社会も、イメージが大切です。

Translation in English:

In this intensive class, I learned about different cultures. I would like to emphasize three things from now on

First, values. Before this, I know that people from different countries have different values due to the influence of different cultures. There is an old Chinese proverb that says, “When I meet a crony, I’d like to drink tons of wine with him, but if there is a nuisance, I’ll be reluctant to say just a few words.” The meaning of this saying is that if you get to know each other, there are many things you can talk about inseparably, but if you don’t talk to each other, there will be many half-words. In other words, it refers to values. According to that proverb, I used to think that there was no need to be friends with someone whose values and orientation did not match mine, but I have now changed my mind. I now understand that it is because of the compassion of the Japanese people that we should be inclusive

Next comes prejudice and discrimination. Some argue that prejudice is a stereotype accompanied by negative feelings, but not necessarily negative. Discrimination is prejudice further coupled with behavior. In other words, prejudice is people’s awareness and discrimination is their behavior due to prejudice. We make the right decisions so that we develop a proper attitude to see people and things in solidarity through our own eyes and not through stereotypes

Finally, there is image. The image of a country, a person, or a society is important

Score: 10

Comment:

There are clear paragraphs, and the paragraphs are connected by successive words. Although there are some grammatical errors, this student makes the point clearly. Also, the use of examples makes the content informative