From: EFL learners’ engagement in different activities of blended learning environment
Teacher’s Q & A | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Emotion engagement | Cognitive engagement | |||||||
B | SE | β | T(p) | B | SE | β | T(p) | |
constant | 0.99 | 0.22 | 4.34*** | 0.68 | 0.32 | 2.13* | ||
Challenge | 0.10 | 0.04 | 0.16 | 2.33* | 0.02 | 0.06 | 0.033 | 0.44 |
Relatedness | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.08 | 1.05 | 0.07 | 0.06 | 0.106 | 1.25 |
Value | 0.14 | 0.06 | 0.19 | 2.30* | 0.13 | 0.08 | 0.139 | 1.58 |
Interactivity | 0.16 | 0.05 | 0.24 | 3.11** | 0.10 | 0.07 | 0.119 | 1.44 |
Autonomy | 0.04 | 0.03 | 0.08 | 1.10 | 0.24 | 0.05 | 0.33 | 4.44** |
Notification | − 0.01 | 0.06 | − 0.02 | − 0.24 | 0.12 | 0.08 | 0.135 | 1.39 |
Instruction | 0.01 | 0.06 | 0.01 | 0.12 | 0.11 | 0.09 | 0.123 | 1.16 |
Encouragement | 0.02 | 0.05 | 0.04 | 0.50 | − 0.01 | 0.07 | − 0.021 | − 0.22 |
Feedback | 0.18 | 0.06 | 0.23 | 2.74** | − 0.04 | 0.09 | − 0.038 | − 0.43 |
F(p) | 17.25*** | 12.55*** | ||||||
R2 | 0.52 | 0.44 |