Table 1 Descriptive statistics of pre-test scores
Group | N | Mean | Std. deviation | Skewness | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Statistics | Std. Error | Ratio | ||||
Interactionist | ||||||
Pronunciation | 15 | 4.40 | .94 | − .32 | .58 | − .55 |
Fluency and coherence | 15 | 4.16 | .95 | .36 | .58 | .62 |
Grammatical range | 15 | 4.40 | .89 | − .00 | .58 | − .00 |
Lexical resources | 15 | 4.40 | 1.02 | − .15 | .58 | − .25 |
Interventionist | ||||||
Pronunciation | 15 | 4.56 | 1.04 | − .04 | .58 | − .06 |
Fluency and coherence | 15 | 4.70 | .79 | .33 | .58 | .56 |
Grammatical range | 15 | 4.40 | .89 | − .00 | .58 | − .00 |
Lexical resources | 15 | 4.16 | .93 | .33 | .58 | .56 |