Comparative study of the effect of face-to-face and computer mediated conversation modalities on student engagement: speaking skill in focus

Table 4 Frequency, Percentage and Std. Residual of Elaborated Engagement by Groups

			Group		Total
			face-to-face	computer aided	Total
Types	No L1 use	Count	124	130	254
		% within Types	48.8%	51.2%	100.0%
		Standardized Residual	−.9	1.0
	Engagement Discourse	Count	57	73	130
		% within Types	43.8%	56.2%	100.0%
		Standardized Residual	−1.4	1.5
	Actual Talk	Count	133	69	202
		% within Types	65.8%	34.2%	100.0%
		Standardized Residual	2.5	−2.6
	No Tendency To finish task	Count	107	84	191
		% within Types	56.0%	44.0%	100.0%
		Standardized Residual	.6	−.6
	Coining words	Count	47	1	48
		% within Types	97.9%	2.1%	100.0%
		Standardized Residual	4.3	−4.5
	Absence of silence	Count	139	140	279
		% within Types	49.8%	50.2%	100.0%
		Standardized Residual	−.7	.8
	Fluent language	Count	128	125	253
		% within Types	50.6%	49.4%	100.0%
		Standardized Residual	−.5	.6
	No Reliance	Count	112	154	266
		% within Types	42.1%	57.9%	100.0%
		Standardized Residual	−2.5	2.6
	Satisfaction with performance	Count	69	0	69
		% within Types	100.0%	0.0%	100.0%
		Standardized Residual	5.3	−5.7
	argue parents	Count	38	67	105
		% within Types	36.2%	63.8%	100.0%
		Standardized Residual	−2.4	2.5
Total		Count	954	843	1797
Total		% within Types	53.1%	46.9%	100.0%