An examination of Vygotsky’s socio-cultural theory in second language acquisition: the role of higher order thinking enhancing techniques and the EFL learners’ use of private speech in the construction of reasoning

Table 8 Private Speech Study and Its Accompanying Categorization

Citation	Private speech categorization	Task	Setting
Ohta (2001)	1. Repetition	Reasoning-gap tasks	Lab setting
Ohta (2001)	2. Translation
Sonmez (2011)	3. Filler
Sonmez (2011)	4. Question